Jake Campton London · UK · 2026
Marketing · growth · communications for complex technology

Turning technology into millions of users.

Making complex ideas clear, credible and impossible to ignore.

Jake Campton on stage, speaking
Spotlight Stage, London Blockchain Conference.
1.5M+audience grown
18k → 224kB3TR holder growth
$1M+creator & KOL activity
BCGgo-to-market partner
UFC · ATPsponsorship activation
AI systemscontent, sentiment & GEO
MarketsEnterprise, consumer, institutional and crypto-native
GrowthUsers, holders, communities and social audiences
LaunchesProducts, partnerships, sponsorships and campaigns
ChannelsSocial, KOLs, PR, paid media, video and events
SystemsAI workflows for content, sentiment and SEO/GEO

Contents

I.
Profile

Where strategy becomes adoption.

TL;DR: 8+ years in blockchain and emerging technology, turning complex products into mainstream adoption and growth. Partnered with Boston Consulting Group to bring a Web3 sustainability app ecosystem to market together, scaling it to 5.33M users and social audiences beyond 1.5M. I've worked with Nobel Laureates, institutions and Fortune 500s, and helped bring a blockchain-enabled AI-agent platform to market.

Since 2018, I've worked at the centre of VeChain, an enterprise-grade layer-1 blockchain built for real-world business, supply chain and sustainability use cases. During that time, the network has grown past 15M addresses, supporting an ecosystem with 100+ enterprise applications and adopters including Walmart China, BMW, Givenchy, Renault, BYD Auto and Lululemon. Channel partners including Boston Consulting Group, PwC and DNV have taken the technology to their own clients.

Much of the work has been about making the infrastructure disappear: turning technically complex blockchain products into propositions businesses and consumers can understand and use without needing to understand the technology underneath. Alongside VeChain, I've led communications for projects across hardware, exchanges, gaming, cybersecurity and asset management. Years spent close to the product, and across multiple market cycles, mean I don't market from the outside. I understand the technology, the audience and what it takes to make both move.

I've helped cement VeChain's position around enterprise-grade infrastructure and real-world utility, differentiating it in a market often dominated by flashier metrics and speculation. That credibility has been reinforced through Boston Consulting Group, enterprise adopters, scientific advisers and global sports properties.

Sir Konstantin Novoselov joined VeChain as an adviser, and I have ghostwritten and shaped marketing around his work in nanomaterials and industrial processes, including a materials-discovery initiative with NUS, NVIDIA and VeChain. I've also led communications around major UFC and Nitto ATP Finals sponsorships, taking the proposition from Web3-native audiences into the mainstream.

I partner directly with the CEO and senior teams on company and product positioning, then turn that into the language used across launches, executives, partners, social and community. I own the social and distribution engine across X, LinkedIn and YouTube, set the editorial standard, manage agency partners and oversee more than $1M in annual KOL and influencer activity. I also own global community messaging and escalation across high-visibility issues.

$1M+ in annual KOL and influencer activity, with briefs, messaging and final content approval under my remit. Strategy, distribution and editorial control

As brand spokesperson, I've made 50+ appearances for VeChain, from sharing stages with Boston Consulting Group to podcasts, X Spaces, community AMAs and KOL livestreams. I don't just shape the message. I deliver it from the front.

I use AI as an operating advantage, not a talking point. I've built agentic content and automation systems, sentiment classifiers and SEO/GEO tooling to cut turnaround, improve discovery and let a lean team produce at department scale. I've also helped bring a blockchain-enabled AI-agent platform to market, translating its proposition, use cases and underlying technology into something businesses can understand and adopt.

A medical communications background means the work is shaped by the discipline of regulated communications and fact-checked before it ships. An MSc in Science Communication underpins the approach: clarity, precision and empathy for the audience.

Across every audience and channel, the goal is the same: make complex technology clear, credible and impossible to ignore.

◆ Selected credits
Nobel laureatesAdviser announcement, ghostwriting and marketing
Boston Consulting GroupVeBetter launch, communications and shared stage
UFC · Nitto ATP FinalsSponsorship communications and activation
PwC · DNVChannel partners taking the technology to clients
Walmart China · BMW · Givenchy · LululemonEnterprise adopters on the platform
II.
Case Study · 2023 – present

VeBetter: from zero to 5M+ users.

5.33Musers onboarded
168MThe HiVe launch impressions
52M+reward transactions
50+apps live
$Millionspaid in B3TR rewards
Jake Campton speaking on the London Blockchain Conference Spotlight Stage, with Bernhard Kronfellner (Partner, Boston Consulting Group) listening. The VeChain pitch deck visible on screen behind them.
Spotlight Stage, London Blockchain Conference. Speaking with Bernhard Kronfellner, Partner at Boston Consulting Group, on the VeBetter go-to-market.

The challenge was to take blockchain beyond crypto-native audiences and give ordinary people a reason to use it.

VeBetter was built to do exactly that. VeChain's technology abstracts away much of the visible blockchain experience, letting people use apps without needing to understand the infrastructure underneath. We applied that to sustainability, rewarding everyday actions from recycling to greener travel, and took the platform from zero to 5.33M users.

I owned communications across the go-to-market as VeChain moved from enterprise technology into a consumer market: positioning, launch, partnerships, distribution and audience growth. We launched at The HiVe in Las Vegas with Boston Consulting Group as a partner and two Nobel laureates, Sir Konstantin Novoselov and Sir Andre Geim, on stage.

The result proved something bigger: blockchain could disappear into the product experience and still deliver utility at mainstream scale.

I helped shape the go-to-market thesis and narrative with Boston Consulting Group, drawing on market research, partner interviews, investor meetings and conversations with builders, creators and users. I then led its communications delivery across positioning, briefing documents and content for each audience. The work culminated in the VeBetter whitepaper, the founding case for blockchain as sustainability infrastructure, and helped generate 20 app-development engagements, 15 enterprise activations and three hackathons.

From 18,000 token holders on day one to 224,000 twelve months later. 1,144% growth, driven by consistency and clear messaging

The HiVe was the centrepiece. With agency partners I ran the communications arc from pre-event build and executive preparation to real-time social, press and post-event amplification. It landed 18 media placements, with syndication to Bloomberg.

Around the launch, I built the supporting system: blog series, announcements, community briefings, onboarding flows and spokesperson messaging, so every audience and channel launched from the same proposition.

Tonnes of carbon avoided, thousands of litres of water saved, hundreds of kilos of plastic kept out of circulation. Tokenization turned real-world action into verified, rewardable impact on-chain.
◆ Outcomes
18k → 224k
B3TR token holders from launch to twelve months later
3M → 9M
VeChainThor addresses in the year after VeBetter launched
◆ In partnership with BCG
3
Hackathons
Run with the BCG network in 2024
20
App-development engagements
Bringing builders into the ecosystem
12
B3TR utility PoCs
Plus 8 PoC demos
15
Enterprise engagements
Across the B3TR ecosystem
10
VC & investor engagements
Plus 5 Web3 company introductions

After launch, I kept the growth engine moving through sponsorships, paid media, KOLs, PR, community and public speaking. I managed paid media and activation spend within VeChain's £500k+ annual UFC sponsorship package, alongside campaigns across X, Instagram, YouTube, Meta and sponsor-owned channels.

The result: 5.33M users onboarded, millions of dollars in B3TR rewards paid for sustainability actions and 52M+ reward transactions recorded on chain. More than 50 apps are live, each tied to a UN Sustainable Development Goal.

This is what I build towards: turning a technical proposition into a product people use, a message people understand and a growth engine that proves the technology works in the real world. VeBetter showed that tokenization could move beyond speculation to measure, incentivise and reward real-world behaviour at consumer scale.

III.
Selected work

Campaigns, launches & media.

Positioning, launches, executive communications, technical education and thought leadership, built to move complex technology from proposition to audience.

◆ Strategy & positioning
VeChain Whitepaper 3.0 Web3 for Better cover, co-developed with BCGWhitepaperVeChain Foundation
Whitepaper · Strategic

VeChain Whitepaper 3.0: Web3 for Better World

VeChain Foundation · 2024

Shaped and edited end-to-end with BCG, turning the case for blockchain as sustainability infrastructure into a clear strategic proposition.

Read whitepaper →
VeChain Acumen GSTI documentary video thumbnail▶ DocumentaryCNBC × Acumen
Documentary · Narrative & positioning

VeChain in the Acumen GSTI documentary, with CNBC

CNBC × Acumen GSTI · 2026

Devised the positioning and messaging, taking VeBetter's impact story from a crypto-native ecosystem to a global business audience.

Watch on CNBC →
◆ Executive leadership
London Blockchain Conf. conference thumbnail▶ Conference London Blockchain Conf.
Professional conference · Innovation Stage

Web3 for a Better World: VeChain & BCG on sustainability

London Blockchain Conference · 2024 · with Bernhard Kronfellner, Partner at Boston Consulting Group

Shared the Innovation Stage with BCG's Bernhard Kronfellner, translating the VeBetter strategy into a public proposition around transparency, sustainability and measurable impact.

Watch →
VeChain Official livestream thumbnail▶ Livestream VeChain Official
Professional event · Livestream

Hayabusa mainnet, live with the CEO

VeChain Official · YouTube · Dec 2025 · 178K views

Co-hosted the mainnet upgrade with the CEO, turning tokenomics, StarGate staking and DPoS into a story 178K people watched.

Watch on YouTube →
◆ Technology to audience
The VeChain Renaissance campaign title card
Long-form campaign · Protocol education

VeChain Renaissance

VeChain · 2024 – present

Ran the year-long communications campaign across articles, social, KOL activations and livestreams, making a complex protocol evolution understandable one upgrade at a time.

Read campaign article →
VeChain Official short thumbnail▶ Short VeChain Official
Video explainer

VeBetterDAO uncovered

VeChain Official · YouTube Shorts

Explained new dApps and ecosystem mechanics on camera for a short-form audience, with the work credited by name on VeChain's channel.

Watch on YouTube →
◆ Thought leadership & AI
Thought leadership · Market positioning

2026 outlook: where the year, and the space, is heading

@solomon_grundle · X · 2026

A market outlook on the forces shaping the next cycle, while laying the narrative groundwork for a blockchain-enabled AI-agent product coming next.

View on X →
Crypto Coin Show interview thumbnail▶ Interview Crypto Coin Show
KOL interview

Crypto Coin Show: VeChain interview

Crypto Coin Show

Took the mainnet upgrade, VeBetter and real-world adoption to a KOL audience, on camera and in their language.

Watch →
IV.
Career

From community and content to communications, growth and AI.

I started at the sharp end of the audience, in community and content, learning the technology, the people using it and the pressure points that shape trust. From there, the remit grew into technical communications, PR, product storytelling, go-to-market, paid acquisition and eventually global communications leadership.

Along the way, I have worked with Boston Consulting Group, DNV, Grant Thornton and PwC; enterprise adopters including Walmart China, BMW and Lululemon; government programmes; Nobel laureates Sir Konstantin Novoselov and Sir Andre Geim; and global properties including the UFC and Nitto ATP Finals. I have helped take products from launch to millions of users, built social audiences beyond 1.5M, driven hundreds of millions of impressions and views through paid and organic campaigns, and turned attention into active participation across consumer ecosystems.

Today, I partner directly with VeChain's executive team on company and product narrative, oversee agencies and more than $1M in annual KOL and influencer activity, manage paid media and sponsorship activation, and move between positioning, launches, PR, social, partnerships, community, AI-enabled workflows and public representation. The progression has been from doing the work hands-on to setting the direction, building the systems and owning how complex technology reaches the market.

Sep 2024— Present

Head of Communications & Social Media

VeChain · Remote
  • Own global communications across Layer-1 blockchain infrastructure, a 5.33M-user Web3 sustainability ecosystem, a wallet with 5.5M+ downloads and a blockchain-enabled AI-agent platform.
  • Partner directly with the executive team on company and product positioning, working across product, engineering, design, legal and commercial teams to align launches, messaging and market narrative.
  • Built much of VeChain's communications function, establishing positioning, tone of voice, community strategy, agency processes and AI-enabled workflows spanning content automation, sentiment monitoring and SEO/GEO tooling.
  • Grew combined social audiences beyond 1.5M and doubled VeChain's flagship X audience; now oversee $1M+ in annual KOL and influencer activity across creators, media appearances and campaigns.
  • Shape market-facing communications and PR around enterprise and institutional work, including Lululemon China product-authentication integration, Grant Thornton Cyprus health-and-safety technology, DNV partnerships and adopters including Walmart China and BMW.
  • Manage communications involving Nobel laureates Sir Konstantin Novoselov and Sir Andre Geim; introduced Novoselov as a VeChain adviser and shape communications around his work, including a materials-discovery initiative with NUS and NVIDIA.
  • Drive communications around multi-million-dollar UFC and Nitto ATP Finals sponsorships, managing paid media and activation spend within VeChain's £500k+ annual UFC sponsorship package.
  • Own global community messaging and escalation, and represent VeChain across 50+ conferences, podcasts, livestreams and video appearances.
Sep 2021— Sep 2024

Communications Lead

VeChain (via CREAM) · United Kingdom / Remote
  • Drove communications around VeChain's shift from enterprise blockchain towards consumer applications, sustainability and real-world impact, working with Boston Consulting Group across research, positioning, product direction and go-to-market; presented the work publicly with BCG Partner Dr Bernhard Kronfellner.
  • Helped shape the VeBetter proposition and delivered its market-facing communications, turning strategy into positioning, launch materials and content for a Web3 sustainability app ecosystem now used by 5.33M people.
  • Managed communications for enterprise and government programmes including San Marino's national COVID-19 vaccine certification and Norsk Hydro's sustainable-aluminium traceability programme, both delivered with DNV.
  • Managed PR, social and community agencies while producing hundreds of technical explainers, long-form articles, video scripts and executive-led content pieces across multiple market cycles.
Sep 2021— Jun 2023

Communications & Content (Contract)

Blok Party / VIMworld (via CREAM) · Greater London, UK
  • Led communications for Blok Party's PlayTable, a games console that tracks physical pieces, following a $10M Series A, and established the voice for its VIMworld digital universe across PR, social, community and brand content.
Feb 2021— Sep 2021

Associate

DNA Communications · London, UK
  • Delivered education and awareness campaigns for multi-billion-dollar pharmaceutical clients in highly regulated environments requiring rigorous fact-checking, referencing and compliance approval.
Mar 2020— Jan 2021

Account Executive

OPEN Health Communications · London, UK
  • Supported medical research launches and global pharmaceutical medical affairs programmes, translating complex science under strict regulatory scrutiny.
Feb 2018— Sep 2021

Content Production & Community Manager (Part-time)

VeChain (via CREAM) · Global / Remote
  • Progressed from product advocate and community moderator into content production and editorial review, helping establish tone and maintain community confidence through multiple market cycles.
Jun 2019— Dec 2019

Conference Production

Smart Grid Forums · United Kingdom
  • Developed commercially viable technical conference programmes for major European energy companies, generating tens of thousands in revenue across AI, machine learning and predictive maintenance infrastructure.
V.
Contact

Work with me.

Jake Campton in Turin, Italy, on assignment for the Nitto ATP Finals · 2024.
Turin · Nitto ATP Finals.

A 5.33M-user sustainability platform. A wallet with 5.5M+ downloads. Communications, growth, partnerships and go-to-market built around complex technology, with AI driving the next chapter.

If you're building something worth telling the world about, I want to hear from you.

London, UK · remote-friendly · open to travel.

External links throughout point to primary sources and supporting coverage. Campaign metrics without independent public reporting remain presented as portfolio results.

VI.
Appendix

Sources & evidence.

Public links throughout the portfolio point to primary sources and reputable supporting coverage. The references below document the public evidence used in this site.

Important: not every portfolio metric is public. Figures supplied through agency reporting, client or partner reporting, campaign dashboards or internal records are presented as first-party portfolio evidence and are not described here as independently verified public statistics.

VeChain, network scale and enterprise adoption

  1. VeChain 2026 Manifesto: The Fight for Utility in a “Casino Market” — VeChain Official. Supports 100+ enterprise applications, VeBetter user/app/transaction scale, Walmart references, and explicitly identifies Lululemon China as a VeChain business partner. The portfolio's product-authentication detail reflects first-hand professional experience and is not claimed to be independently documented by this public source.
  2. VeChain Roadmap 2026: Agentic Foundations for Tomorrow & Beyond — VeChain Official. Supports VeBetter at ~5.3M users, 50+ live apps, 50M+ verified sustainable actions, VeWorld at 5M+ downloads, and the AI-agent roadmap.
  3. VeChainStats blockchain explorer — live on-chain network statistics. Supports 15M+ known addresses as of the research date.
  4. Introduction to VeChain — VeChain Docs. Supports VeChain’s enterprise-grade Layer-1 positioning and named relationships including Walmart China, BMW, DNV and San Marino.
  5. VeChain Technology / Understand VeChain — VeChain Official. Supports enterprise/real-world use positioning and current app/network scale.
  6. VeChain Products — VeChain Official. Supports descriptions of AgentSuite, VeWorld and VeBetter.

Boston Consulting Group and VeBetter strategy

  1. Web3 for Better / Whitepaper 3.0 — VeChain + Boston Consulting Group. Primary evidence of BCG’s strategic engagement, sustainability analysis and co-development of the published whitepaper.
  2. VeChain unveils sustainability-focused “Web3 for Better” whitepaper at The HiVe Summit — PR Newswire / VeChain. Supports BCG co-authorship, The HiVe launch, two Nobel laureates and Novoselov’s adviser announcement.
  3. VeChain’s Web3 For Better Whitepaper: summary — VeChain Official / Medium. Supports the BCG co-development relationship and strategic sustainability framing.
  4. The HiVe 2023 session archive — VeChainInsider. Supports the event programme, BCG sustainability session, Nobel-laureate panel and Jake’s community panel hosting.
  5. London Blockchain Conference: Web3 for a Better World, VeChain & BCG — video already used in the portfolio. Supports the public stage appearance with BCG Partner Bernhard Kronfellner.

VeBetter product, scale and consumer adoption

  1. VeBetter introduction / complete guide — VeBetter. Primary product explanation of the app ecosystem, B3TR rewards, gamification and real-world behaviour model.
  2. VeBetter growth strategy and user acquisition — VeBetter. Supports growth and user-acquisition context for ecosystem apps including Mugshot and GreenCart.
  3. VeBetter Whitepaper v2 — VeBetter. Supports the app landscape and participation scale of flagship apps.
  4. VeChain 2026 Roadmap — VeChain Official. Best current public corroboration for the portfolio’s 5.33M / 50+ apps / 52M+ action claims, though the source gives rounded figures of 5.3M users and 50M+ verified actions.
  5. VeChain 2026 Manifesto — VeChain Official. Additional corroboration for 5.2M+ users, 50+ applications and nearly 50M transactions at publication.
  6. UFC and VeChain expand partnership to VeBetter — UFC. Supports VeBetter as a sustainability application ecosystem and the use of B3TR rewards for real-world actions.
  7. VeBetter featured in GSTI documentary with CNBC — VeChain Official. Supports the GSTI/CNBC feature and the positioning of VeBetter as 50+ consumer applications converting actions into tokenised, verifiable impact.
  8. GSTI / VeChain documentary — YouTube source supplied for the portfolio card.

Nobel laureates and scientific work

  1. The HiVe to host two Nobel laureates — PR Newswire / VeChain Foundation. Supports participation of Sir Andre Geim and Sir Konstantin Novoselov.
  2. The HiVe whitepaper launch release — PR Newswire / VeChain. Supports Novoselov being announced as VeChain adviser at the event.
  3. VeChain welcomes Dana White as adviser — VeChain Official. Independently confirms Novoselov’s ongoing place on the VeChain advisory board.
  4. Materials Data Foundry announcement — National University of Singapore I-FIM. Primary institutional source supporting collaboration among NUS, University of Toronto, NVIDIA and VeChain, with Sir Konstantin Novoselov.

AI-agent product

  1. AgentSuite: The AI Agent Marketplace — VeChain Official. Primary source for the commercial platform where users build, publish, sell and hire specialised AI agents, with AgentForge, AgentMarket and AgentTrust.
  2. AI Agent Marketplace — VeChain Official product page. Supports the “build, sell and hire AI agents” proposition.
  3. VeChain Roadmap 2026 — VeChain Official. Supports the evolution toward agent marketplaces, agent identity and blockchain-enabled AI infrastructure.

UFC and sports sponsorships

  1. UFC and VeChain announce historic global marketing partnership — UFC. Primary source for VeChain becoming UFC’s first Official Layer 1 Blockchain Partner, broad sponsorship inventory, broadcast/social activation and audience scale.
  2. UFC and VeChain expand the partnership around VeBetter — UFC. Supports ongoing activation around VeBetter and consumer sustainability.
  3. Sports Business Journal report on VeChain/UFC — external industry reporting. Reports the wider sponsorship at nearly $100M over a minimum five-year term.
  4. CoinDesk: UFC taps VeChain as first Official Layer 1 Blockchain Partner — external coverage of the reported ~$100M multi-year agreement.
  5. Nitto ATP Finals 2024 partner announcement — official Nitto ATP Finals site. Supports VeChain’s position as a Silver Partner.
  6. VeChain Seeds Sustainability Initiatives in Europe with Multi-Year ATP Partnership — VeChain Official / Medium. Supports the Nitto ATP Finals partnership and activation context.
  7. VeBetterDAO Super-User Challenge / Nitto ATP Finals — VeChain Official / Medium. Supports VeBetter-linked consumer activation at the 2024 Finals.

Enterprise and institutional use cases

  1. Walmart China Blockchain Traceability Platform — PR Newswire / VeChain. Primary launch source naming Walmart China, PwC, CCFA and VeChain and the initial 23 live product lines.
  2. Walmart China blockchain traceability coverage — China Daily. Independent coverage of the Walmart China / PwC / VeChain platform.
  3. VeChain Whitepaper 2.0 — VeChain. Contains case studies for Walmart China and BMW VerifyCar, including BMW’s digital vehicle passport work.
  4. Digital Product Passport / VeChain and Rekord — VeChain Official. Supports BMW testing VeChain for vehicle provenance and DNV commercial product/infrastructure context.
  5. Givenchy traceability reference — VeChain LinkedIn. Supports VeChain’s stated work around global traceability of Givenchy leather products.
  6. VeChain partners with Grant Thornton Blockchain Cyprus — PR Newswire. Primary source for the partnership and intent to deliver blockchain solutions to Grant Thornton clients.
  7. VeChain x B.R.E.W 2022 / Decent HS — VeChain Official / Medium. Supports Decent HS as a workplace health-and-safety platform on VeChainThor and Grant Thornton Cyprus providing auditing services.
  8. San Marino approves national green pass — DNV. Primary source supporting the San Marino Digital Covid Certificate and blockchain-backed vaccination credential.
  9. Hydro and DNV GL launch blockchain for greener metals — Hydro. Primary source supporting environmental-profile traceability for Hydro aluminium using DNV’s blockchain-powered Tag.Trace.Trust service.
  10. Assuring environmental data / Hydro — DNV. DNV’s own case study on the Hydro implementation and product-passport sustainability data.

Earlier work: Blok Party / PlayTable

  1. Blok.Party raises $10M, will adapt Settlers of Catan to PlayTable — TechCrunch. Contemporary coverage of the $10M funding and physical/digital PlayTable console.
  2. PlayTable uses blockchain to connect video games and physical objects — TechCrunch. Earlier product coverage explaining the console’s physical piece/object recognition.

Internal / agency / client-reported metrics

These figures are drawn from internal, agency, client or partner reporting and are not presented as independently verified by a public URL.

  • 1.5M+ combined social audience grown and the claim that the flagship X channel doubled. Public social profiles can show current audience size, but not cleanly attribute historical growth to one individual.
  • $1M+ annual KOL and influencer spend/activity managed. This is an internal remit/budget figure.
  • 50+ stage, media and livestream appearances. Many individual appearances are public, but I did not attempt to enumerate all 50+ one by one.
  • 168M The HiVe launch impressions and 18 media placements / Bloomberg syndication. Public sources verify The HiVe and its media launch, but the exact campaign-reporting totals appear to come from internal/agency reporting or the existing portfolio.
  • 18k → 224k B3TR holders and 3M → 9M VeChainThor addresses in the year after VeBetter launched. These endpoints come from historical chain analytics or internal reporting; I did not find an authoritative public page stating those exact endpoints together.
  • The BCG engagement counts (3 hackathons, 20 app-development engagements, 12 PoCs + 8 demos, 15 enterprise engagements, 10 VC/investor engagements + 5 Web3 introductions). These appear to be internal partnership/output reporting.
  • £500k+ annual UFC sponsorship package. This is an internal commercial figure for the annual package referenced in the portfolio. Public reporting covers the much larger overall multi-year rights deal; the portfolio only claims management of paid media and activation spend within the £500k+ annual package.
  • Hundreds of millions of impressions/views through paid and organic campaigns. The exact aggregate comes from internal campaign reporting.